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"Guhanga udushya ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo gutsinda ejo hazaza mu nganda nshya" - Wu Songyan, Umuyobozi wa Yixinfeng, ku nzira y'iterambere ry'inganda nshya.
2024-02-22 15:23:20
Kuva ku ya 4 kugeza ku ya 7 Ukuboza, ihuriro mpuzamahanga rya 10 ry’Ubushinwa (Shenzhen) ryabereye i Batiri Inganda nshya z’ingufu zabereye i Shenzhen, muri Guangdong. Abashyitsi barenga 600 baturutse mu gihugu no mu mahanga bitabiriye inganda zose za batiri ingufu nshya hejuru, hagati, no hepfo, bibanda ku ngingo zishyushye nk'amasoko agabanijwe, ibikoresho bishya, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rishya muri bateri inganda nshya. Yixinfeng, nkumuntu utanga ibikoresho byiza byingufu za batiri, nawe yatumiwe kwitabira iyo nama. Chairman Wu Songyan n'abakozi bireba bitabiriye inama.
Ihuriro ryibanze ku guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, iterambere ry’isoko, politiki n’amabwiriza, hamwe n’ibidukikije bikomeza ingufu muri batiri inganda nshya z’ingufu. Abari mu nama bagize ibiganiro byimbitse kuri ibyo bibazo kandi bafatanya guteza imbere inganda.
Mu mahugurwa y’umusaruro wa Yixinfeng, imashini ikomatanya gupfa no gutondeka ikora byihuse, hamwe nijwi ryo gukata ryumvikana. Umuntu arashobora kubona ingufu nyinshi zo kubika ingufu za batiri selile 'zisohorwa' mumashini ihuriweho. Nyuma yo guterana, izoherezwa mukibanza gikorerwamo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bityo bigatanga ingufu zimodoka zamashanyarazi.
Yu Qingjiao, umunyamabanga mukuru wa Zhongguancun New Battery Technology Innovation Alliance, yatangaje ko mu myaka icumi ishize, inganda nshya z’ingufu za Batiri mu Bushinwa zateye imbere ku buryo bwihuse: guhera mu 2015 kugeza mu wa 2022, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu n’igurisha mu Bushinwa byabaye ku isonga ku isi mu munani bikurikiranye imyaka. Mu 2022, umusaruro rusange w’inganda za batiri ya lithium y’Ubushinwa warengeje tiriyari y'amadorari, ugera kuri tiriyoni 1,2. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira uyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bwoherejwe na litiro ya litiro bugera kuri 70% ku isi yose. Ubushinwa bumaze kugera ku mwanya wa mbere mu bijyanye na bateri nshya y’ingufu, kandi inzira iragenda iba ndende kandi ndende; Inganda nshya yimodoka yingufu zayoboye isi, kandi tekinoroji ya batiri ya lithium irakuze. Inzira zikoranabuhanga nibicuruzwa bya selile, bateri ya sodium, bateri-ikomeye, nibindi byihutisha kuzamura porogaramu zishingiye ku isoko.
Amahirwe agenewe gusa abiteguye, kubafite ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya. Gusa binyuze mu guhanga udushya dushobora kubaho mubidukikije birushanwa imbere. Mu marushanwa abahuje ibitsina, nta gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byabo, abayikora barashobora guhatana gusa muburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro no kwamamaza, biganisha kumarushanwa akomeye imbere. Basa nkaho birengagije ikibazo cyingenzi, aricyo gake gake. Ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bihora ari bike ku isoko. Mubyongeyeho, hari ingingo zibabaza mu nganda nko kudahuzagurika no kugabanuka kwinshi. Bitewe na moderi zitandukanye za bateri yinganda zinyuranye, hariho itandukaniro rikomeye mubikoresho bikenerwa kuri silindrike, ipaki yoroshye, shell kare hamwe nizindi bateri. Ababikora benshi bakora ibirenze ubushobozi bwabo, kandi inzira yumusaruro iragoye kandi iragoye, kuburyo bigoye kugenzura ubuziranenge. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bigoye hamwe nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro birashobora kandi gukaza umutekano muke mu nganda. Batteri ikorwa ku giciro kinini no gukoresha ingufu nyinshi igomba kugurishwa ku giciro gito, ibigo byinshi ntibishobora kubigura.
Inzira yonyine yo gukora ibikoresho byiza nibicuruzwa bya batiri ni muburyo bushya. Guhanga udushya ntabwo ari imbaraga z'isosiyete imwe cyangwa umuhuza umwe, ahubwo ni ibikorwa byo gufatanya n'inganda zose za batiri ya lithium hejuru no hepfo, hamwe n'umusaruro wiyongereye ndetse no kugabanya ibiciro, aribwo buryo busanzwe bwo gukora ku isoko.
Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Chairman Wu Songyan yanasabye "ingamba eshatu zo kuzamura ireme no kugabanya ibiciro" kugira ngo dusangire na buri wese.
1. Guhanga ibikoresho. Gutezimbere igisekuru gishya cyibikoresho bikoresha ingufu za batiri cyane, komeza wongere uburinganire bwimbitse bwogukora bateri no gukora ibikoresho, ushire amanga ugerageze guteza imbere inzira nibikoresho bishya, kandi ufashe inganda za batiri kuzamura ubuziranenge no kugabanya ibiciro.
2. Kunoza ubuziranenge no gukora neza. Kunoza ibikoresho byumusaruro, kunoza umusaruro, kongera ibicuruzwa, no kongera umusaruro.
3. Kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibiciro. Igisekuru gishya cyibikoresho byibyara umusaruro bigabanya ibiciro kandi byongera imikorere, bigabanya ishoramari ryumutungo utimukanwa, bigabanya ibiciro byumusaruro nogukoresha ingufu, byongera ubwenge nubwikorezi bwimirongo yumusaruro, kandi bigabanya gushingira kubuhanga nubuhanga.
Yixinfeng yamye yubahiriza ingamba ziterambere zumuyobozi wa Wu Songyan, akomeza kuvugurura no guhanga udushya kugirango yongere imbaraga. Kugeza ubu, yasabye patenti 186, ibona patenti 48 zo guhanga, ndetse inegukana igihembo cy’igihugu cy’indashyikirwa. Vuba aha, hemejwe kandi nk'ahantu hakorerwa imirimo ya dogiteri mu Ntara ya Guangdong.
Gusa siyanse nudushya birashobora gutsinda isiganwa rishya ryingufu, kandi nukuzamura ireme no kugabanya ibiciro dushobora kujya kure. Chairman Wu Songyan yemera ko abantu ba Yixinfeng nabo babyizera.
Niyo myizerere yuko abantu ba Yixinfeng bahora bashya kandi bagakora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya, gutsinda ingorane, guteza imbere iterambere ryikigo, no guteza imbere iterambere ryinganda nshya. Gutezimbere ubuziranenge no kugabanya ibiciro byinganda nshya zikora ingufu, guhora udushya, guhinduka abakora ibikoresho bumva neza ikoranabuhanga rya batiri, gufasha inganda zikora bateri kubaka inganda zidafite abadereva, kandi zifasha ibicuruzwa bishya byubushinwa kwakira isi yicyatsi.
Ibicuruzwa nibikoresho bishya byakozwe na Yixinfeng birashimishije cyane:
Laser gupfa-gukata, guhinduranya no kuzinga pole ugutwi byose-mumashini imwe (silinderi nini)
Iki gikoresho gifite udushya twinshi mu ikoranabuhanga, rishobora guca ibikoresho muburyo bwururabyo rwumurabyo hanyuma rukazunguruka no kurigata. Binyuze mu gukata lazeri, imikorere ikora yiyongera inshuro 1-3. Ihuza laser yo guca no guhindagura imikorere, itezimbere ubushobozi bwibikoresho, igabanya imyanda, kandi ikwirakwiza electrolyte neza, bigatuma bateri iba ndende. Icy'ingenzi cyane, ibikoresho bifite igipimo cyinshi cyo gutanga umusaruro, hamwe n’umusaruro w’akagari ugera ku 100%, ibyo bikemura ikibazo cyikibazo cyo kubyara umusaruro mwinshi wa batiri ya silindrique kandi gishobora kuzana intambwe mu iterambere rya batiri ya silindrique.
Gupfa gukata no kumurika imashini-imwe-imwe
Iki gikoresho gishobora kugera kumwanya umwe inshuro nyinshi, kandi igikoresho kimwe gishobora kugera kuri 300 ppm. Ifite ibihe bike byo kugurisha, gukora neza, no kwangirika kwinshi kuri electrode, kuzamura cyane umusaruro wibicuruzwa byibikoresho. Igishushanyo mbonera kizigama amafaranga yumurimo n’ahantu, bigabanya cyane ibiciro byishoramari.
Gufatanya guturika nanomaterial ikwirakwiza
Ubushakashatsi bwa mbere ku isi n’ikoranabuhanga mu iterambere, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu gukata paste, bizigama ingufu 70% ugereranije n’ibikoresho gakondo kandi bifite inshuro ebyiri gukora neza. Gusimbuza neza urusyo rwumucanga na homogenizers mubice nka farumasi yimiti ya biohimiki, gukwirakwiza nanomaterial, gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, gutegura ibikoresho byo gucapa 3D, hamwe nubuhanga bwiza bwa chimique bwibikoresho bishya bya nanomaterial. bitanu μ Ibice bya grafite byaturikiye hanyuma bikururwa kugeza munsi ya 3nm nyuma yiminota 90 yingufu. Ingaruka ninziza cyane, idafite ibice, imiyoboro yamenetse, hamwe no guteranya nyuma yo gutatana, hamwe nibyiza bihamye. Kugeza ubu, abakiriya benshi baragerageje kandi bakora ingero, kandi ibisubizo byabaye byiza cyane.
