Imashini ya Batiri ya Litiyumu: Amahame, Inzira zingenzi nubuyobozi bugenzura ubuziranenge

Mubikorwa byo gukora bateri ya lithium-ion, mubisanzwe hariho inzira nyinshi zo kugabanya inzira. Inzira irashobora kugabanywamo inzira eshatu zingenzi: gukora electrode, inzira yo guteranya no gupima selile (nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira), kandi hariho n’amasosiyete ayigabanyamo inzira ibanziriza guhinduranya na nyuma y’umuyaga, kandi iyi ngingo ni iyo inzira. Kubera imikorere ikomeye yo kwishyira hamwe, irashobora gutuma bateri igaragara muburyo bwambere, bityo rero inzira yo guhinduranya mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium-ion nkinshingano zingenzi, nurufunguzo, inzira yo guhinduranya ikorwa ningingo yazengurutswe bakunze kwitwa ubusa. selile ya batiri (Jelly-Roll, bita JR).

Litiyumu-ion Uburyo bwo Gukora Bateri
Mubikorwa byo gukora batiri ya lithium-ion, inzira yibanze yo guhinduranya irerekanwa kuburyo bukurikira. Igikorwa cyihariye ni ukuzunguza igice cyiza cya pole, igice cyiza cya pole hamwe na firime yo kwigunga hamwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa urushinge rwimashini, kandi ibice byegeranye nibyiza nibibi bitandukanijwe na firime yo kwigunga kugirango birinde inzira ngufi. Nyuma yo kuzunguruka birangiye, intangiriro ikosorwa hamwe no gufunga impapuro zifatika kugirango wirinde ko intandaro idatandukana, hanyuma igatemba mugikorwa gikurikira. Muri ubu buryo, urufunguzo ni ukumenya neza ko nta mibonano ifatika iri hagati ya electrode nziza kandi itari nziza, kandi ko urupapuro rwa electrode mbi rushobora gupfuka rwose urupapuro rwiza rwa electrode mu byerekezo bitambitse kandi bihagaritse.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa
Muburyo bwo guhinduranya ingirabuzimafatizo, muri rusange ibipapuro bibiri bizunguruka bifata ibice bibiri bya diafragma mbere yo guhinduranya, hanyuma ukagaburira igice cyiza cyangwa kibi cya pole nacyo, hanyuma igice cya pole kigafatirwa hagati yibice bibiri bya diafragma kugirango bihindurwe. Mu cyerekezo kirekire cyibanze, diaphragm irenze diafragma mbi, na diafragma mbi irenze diafragma nziza, kugirango wirinde guhuza imiyoboro ngufi hagati ya diafragma nziza kandi mbi.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'urushinge ruzunguruka rufata diaphragm

Igishushanyo gifatika cyimashini yizunguruka

Imashini ihinduranya nibikoresho byingenzi kugirango tumenye inzira yibanze. Ukoresheje igishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru, ibice byingenzi n'imikorere ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Sisitemu yo gutanga ibice: shikiriza ibice byiza kandi bibi bya pole kuruhande rwa gari ya moshi iyobora ibice bibiri bya diafragma hagati yuruhande rwa AA kuruhande rwa BB kugirango habeho itangwa ryuzuye ryibice.
2. Diaphragm sisitemu idashaka: Harimo diafragma yo hejuru no hepfo kugirango tumenye itangwa ryikora kandi rihoraho rya diafragma kurushinge ruzunguruka.
3. Sisitemu yo kugenzura impagarara: kugenzura impagarara zihoraho za diafragma mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.
4. Sisitemu yo guhinduranya no gufunga: yo gufunga no gutunganya ingirabuzimafatizo nyuma yo kuzunguruka.
5. Gupakurura sisitemu ya convoyeur: Mu buryo bwikora gusenya ingirangingo ziva mu nshinge hanyuma uzijugunye ku mukandara wa convoyeur.
6. Guhindura ibirenge: Mugihe nta miterere idasanzwe, kanda kuntambwe kugirango ugenzure imikorere isanzwe yo kuzunguruka.
7. Imigaragarire yumuntu-mudasobwa: hamwe nogushiraho ibipimo, gukemura intoki, gutabaza no gukora indi mirimo.

Duhereye ku isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru ryerekeranye no guhinduranya, birashobora kugaragara ko guhinduranya ingirabuzimafatizo y'amashanyarazi birimo amasano abiri adashobora kwirindwa: gusunika urushinge no gukurura urushinge.
Shyira inzira y'urushinge: imizingo ibiri yinshinge irambuye munsi yigikorwa cyo gusunika urushinge rwa urushinge, unyuze kumpande zombi za diafragma, imizingo ibiri yinshinge zakozwe no guhuza silinderi y'urushinge yinjijwe mumaboko, imizingo y'urushinge hafi yo gufunga diaphragm, icyarimwe, imizingo ibiri yinshinge irahuza kugirango ibe ishusho ihuriweho, nkibyingenzi byizunguruka.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa byo gusunika inshinge

Igikorwa cyo kuvoma urushinge: nyuma yo kuzenguruka kwuzuye kurangiye, inshinge zombi zisubizwa inyuma mugikorwa cya pompe ya pompe y'urushinge, silinderi y'urushinge ikurwa mumaboko, umupira mubikoresho byurushinge ufunga urushinge mubikorwa byimpeshyi, kandi inshinge zombi ziteranijwe muburyo butandukanye, kandi ubunini bwimpera yubusa bwurushinge buragabanuka kugirango habeho itandukaniro runaka hagati yurushinge nubuso bwimbere bwimbere, hamwe nurushinge rwasubiye inyuma ugereranije nintoki zigumaho, inshinge na intangiriro irashobora gutandukana neza.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa byo gukuramo inshinge

"Urushinge" mugikorwa cyo gusunika no gukuramo urushinge hejuru bivuga urushinge, nkurwego rwibanze rwimashini izunguruka, igira ingaruka zikomeye kumuvuduko wizuba hamwe nubwiza bwibanze. Kugeza ubu, imashini nyinshi zizunguruka zikoresha inshinge zizengurutse, ova na tekinike ya diyama. Kurushinge ruzengurutse na oval, bitewe nuko rubaho arc runaka, bizaganisha ku guhindura ugutwi kwi gutwi kwintangiriro, muburyo bukurikira bwo gukanda, ariko nanone byoroshye gutera inkeke imbere no guhindura imikorere. Naho urushinge rumeze nka diyama, bitewe nubunini bunini butandukanye hagati yamashoka maremare na magufi, impagarara zagace ka pole na diaphragm ziratandukanye cyane, bisaba ko moteri itwara umuyaga kumuvuduko uhindagurika, bigatuma inzira igora kugenzura, kandi umuvuduko uhindagurika mubisanzwe ni muke.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'urushinge rusanzwe

Fata nk'urushinge rugoye cyane kandi rusanzwe rusa na diyama nk'urugero, mugihe cyo kuzunguruka no kuzunguruka, ibice byiza kandi bibi bya pole na diaphragm bihora bizengurutse ingingo esheshatu za B, C, D, E, F na G nk'ingoboka.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya diyama iringaniye izunguruka inshinge

Kubwibyo, inzira yo guhinduranya irashobora kugabanywamo ibice byuzuzanya hamwe na OB, OC, OD, OE, OF, OG nka radiyo, kandi dukeneye gusa gusesengura ihinduka ryumuvuduko wumurongo murwego rurindwi ruri hagati ya θ0, θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4, θ5, θ6, na θ7, kugirango dusobanure neza uburyo bwo kuzenguruka kwizunguruka ryurushinge ruzunguruka.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'inguni zitandukanye zo kuzunguruka inshinge

Ukurikije isano ya trigonometric, isano ijyanye irashobora kuboneka.

Uhereye kuburinganire bwavuzwe haruguru, biroroshye kubona ko mugihe urushinge ruzunguruka rwakomerekejwe kumuvuduko uhoraho, umuvuduko wumurongo wumuyaga nu mpande zakozwe hagati yingingo zifatika zurushinge nibice byiza kandi bibi bya pole na diaphragm mu mikorere itandukanye. Isano yishusho hagati yombi yigana na Matlab kuburyo bukurikira:

Guhindura umuvuduko wihuta kumpande zitandukanye

Biragaragara neza ko igipimo cyumuvuduko ntarengwa wumurongo ugereranije numuvuduko muto wumurongo mugikorwa cyo guhinduranya urushinge rumeze nka diyama mumashusho rushobora kuba inshuro zirenga 10. Ihinduka rinini ryumuvuduko wumurongo rizazana ihindagurika rinini muburemere bwa electrode nziza kandi mbi na diaphragm, niyo mpamvu nyamukuru itera ihindagurika ryumuvuduko ukabije. Imihindagurikire ikabije irashobora gutuma diafragma irambura mugihe cyo guhinduranya, kugabanuka kwa diaphragm nyuma yo kuzunguruka, hamwe nuduce duto duto ku mfuruka imbere yimbere nyuma yo gukanda. Muburyo bwo kwishyuza, kwaguka kwinkingi ya pole bitera guhangayikishwa nicyerekezo cyubugari bwintangarugero ntabwo yibanze, bikavamo akanya ko kunama, bikaviramo kugoreka igice cya pole, hanyuma bateri ya lithium yateguwe amaherezo igaragara "S "guhindura ibintu.

CT ishusho nigishushanyo cyo gusenya "S" yibanze

Kugeza ubu, kugirango dukemure ikibazo cyubuziranenge bwibanze (cyane cyane deformasiyo) biterwa nuburyo bwurushinge ruzunguruka, muburyo bubiri bukoreshwa: guhinduranya impagarara zihindagurika no kwihuta kwihuta.

1. Impinduka ziterwa no guhinduranya ibintu: Fata bateri ya silindrike nkurugero, munsi yumuvuduko uhoraho, umuvuduko wumurongo wiyongera numubare wibizunguruka, biganisha kumyuka. Impinduka zinyuranye zihindagurika, ni ukuvuga, binyuze muri sisitemu yo kugenzura impagarara, ku buryo impagarara zashyizwe ku gice cya pole cyangwa diaphragm hamwe no kwiyongera k'umubare w’ibizunguruka no kugabanya umurongo, ku buryo mu gihe cyihuta cyo kuzunguruka, ariko biracyashoboka kora inzira yose yo guhinduranya impagarara zishoboka kugirango ukomeze guhoraho. Umubare munini wimpinduka ziterwa nimpinduka zagerageje kugera kumyanzuro ikurikira:
a. Gutoya guhindagurika, niko bigira ingaruka nziza yo guhindura ibintu.
b. Mugihe cyihuta gihindagurika, nkuko diameter yibanze yiyongera, impagarara zigabanuka kumurongo hamwe ningaruka nke zo guhinduka kuruta guhorana impagarara.
2. Umuvuduko uhindagurika wihuta: Fata selile kare nkurugero, urushinge ruringaniye rumeze nka diyama. Iyo urushinge rukomerekejwe kumuvuduko uhoraho, umuvuduko wumurongo uhindagurika cyane, bikavamo itandukaniro rinini mumwanya utandukanijwe kumpande zintangiriro. Muri iki gihe, gukenera umuvuduko wumurongo uhindura kugabanya gukuraho amategeko yo guhindura umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka, ni ukuvuga, guhinduranya umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka hamwe nimpinduka zihinduka, kugirango tumenye inzira ihindagurika yumuvuduko wihuta nkumuto bishoboka, kugirango tumenye neza ko ihindagurika ryimpagarara mu ntera ntoya ya amplitude.

Muri make, imiterere y'urushinge ruzunguruka irashobora kugira ingaruka kumatwi yamatwi (umusaruro wibanze nibikorwa byamashanyarazi), umuvuduko ukabije (umusaruro), ihungabana ryimbere ryimbere (ibibazo byo guhindura isura) nibindi. Kuri bateri ya silindrike, inshinge zizunguruka zikoreshwa; kuri bateri kare, inshinge za elliptique cyangwa ziringaniye zisanzwe zikoreshwa (mubihe bimwe na bimwe, inshinge zizunguruka nazo zirashobora gukoreshwa kumuyaga no gusibanganya intangiriro kugirango bibe intangiriro ya kare). Mubyongeyeho, umubare munini wamakuru yubushakashatsi yerekana ko ubwiza bwa cores bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yamashanyarazi nubushobozi bwumutekano wa bateri yanyuma.

Dufatiye kuri ibi, twakemuye ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byingenzi ndetse nubwitonzi mugikorwa cyo guhinduranya bateri ya lithium, twizeye kwirinda ibikorwa bidakwiye mugikorwa cyo guhinduranya bishoboka, kugirango dukore bateri ya lithium yujuje ubuziranenge.

Kugirango ubashe kwiyumvisha inenge yibanze, intangiriro irashobora kwibizwa muri AB glue epoxy resin kugirango ikire, hanyuma igice cyambukiranya gishobora gutemwa no gusukwa hamwe numusenyi. Nibyiza kwitegereza ingero zateguwe munsi ya microscope cyangwa scanning electron microscope, kugirango ubone ikarita yimbere yimbere yibanze.

Ikarita yimbere yimbere
(a) Igishushanyo cyerekana intangiriro yujuje ibyangombwa idafite inenge igaragara imbere.
. imvura, izangiza imikorere ya bateri.
(c) Hariho ibintu byamahanga hagati ya electrode na diaphragm mubishusho. Iyi nenge irashobora gutuma umuntu yirukana cyane ndetse akanatera ibibazo byumutekano, ariko mubisanzwe birashobora kugaragara mugupima Hi-pot.
(d) Electrode iri ku gishushanyo ifite uburyo bwiza kandi bwiza, bushobora gutuma ubushobozi buke cyangwa imvura igwa.
(e) Electrode iri kuri iyo shusho ifite ivumbi rivanze imbere, rishobora gutuma kwiyongera kwa batiri.

Byongeye kandi, inenge ziri imbere muri rusange zishobora no kurangwa no kwipimisha bidasenya, nkibisanzwe bikoreshwa na X-ray na CT. Ibikurikira nintangiriro ngufi kubintu bimwe bisanzwe byibanze byingenzi:

1. Gutwikiriye nabi igice cya pole: igice cyaho kibi cya pole ntabwo gipfundikijwe neza nigice cyiza, gishobora gutuma bateri ihinduka kandi igwa na lithium, bikaviramo guhungabanya umutekano.

2. Guhindura igice cya pole: igice cya pole gihindurwa no gusohora, bishobora gutera imiyoboro ngufi imbere kandi bikazana ibibazo bikomeye byumutekano.

Twabibutsa ko muri 2017, sensational samsung note7 iturika rya terefone ngendanwa, ibisubizo byiperereza biterwa na electrode mbi imbere muri bateri iranyeganyezwa kugirango itere umuzunguruko mugufi, bityo bigatuma bateri iturika, impanuka yateje ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ya samsung igihombo kirenga miliyari 6 z'amadolari.

3. Ibyuma byamahanga byuma: ibyuma byamahanga nibikorwa bya batiri ya lithium-ion yica, bishobora guturuka kuri paste, ibikoresho cyangwa ibidukikije. Ibice binini byibyuma byamahanga bishobora gutera uruziga rugufi rwumubiri, kandi mugihe icyuma cyamahanga kivanze na electrode nziza, kizahinduka okiside hanyuma kigashyirwa hejuru ya electrode itari nziza, igacengera diafragma, amaherezo igatera imbere umuzunguruko mugufi muri bateri, uteza umutekano muke. Ibyuma bisanzwe byamahanga ni Fe, Cu, Zn, Sn nibindi.

Imashini ya batiri ya Litiyumu ikoreshwa mu guhinduranya ingirabuzimafatizo ya lithium, ni ubwoko bwibikoresho byo guteranya urupapuro rwiza rwa electrode nziza, urupapuro rwa electrode mbi na diaphragm mumapaki yibanze (JR: JellyRoll) mukuzunguruka guhoraho. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo byatangiye mu 2006, guhera muri kimwe cya kabiri cyizengurutsa, igice cyikora cyuma cya kwaduka, gukora firime mu buryo bwikora, hanyuma gitera imbere mu buryo bwikora, imashini ihindura firime, imashini ihindura imashini ya laser, imashini ihinduranya imashini, diaphragm ikomeza guhindagurika imashini, n'ibindi.

Hano, turasaba cyane cyane Yixinfeng laser gupfa guca umuyaga no gusunika imashini iringaniye. Iyi mashini ikomatanya tekinoroji yo guhanagura ya laser, uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduranya hamwe nigikorwa cyo gusunika neza, gishobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro nubuziranenge bwa batiri ya lithium. Ifite ibyiza byingenzi bikurikira:


1. Gukata neza-gupfa: Menya neza neza ingano ya pole na diaphragm, kugabanya imyanda yibikoresho no kunoza imikorere ya bateri.
2. Kuzunguruka bihamye: Uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduranya hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura itanga imiterere yibanze kandi ihamye, igabanya ubukana bwimbere kandi igateza imbere imikorere ya bateri.
3. Kuringaniza-gukora neza: Igishushanyo cyihariye cyo kuringaniza bituma ubuso bwa cores buringaniye, bigabanya imihangayiko yimbere imbere, kandi byongerera igihe cya bateri.
4. Igenzura ryubwenge: Ifite ibikoresho bigezweho byimikoranire ya mudasobwa na mudasobwa, itahura neza ibipimo bifatika no kugenzura igihe, kugenzura byoroshye no kubungabunga byoroshye.
5. Ubwinshi bwubwuzuzanye: burashobora kandi gukora 18, 21, 32, 46, 50, 60 moderi zose za selile ya batiri, kugirango ubone ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.

Litiyumu - Ibikoresho bya Batiri Ion
Hitamo Yixinfeng laser ipfa gukata, guhinduranya no gusunika imashini kugirango uzane ubuziranenge kandi bunoze bwo gukora bateri ya lithium!