Ukuphonononga i-lithium plating phenomenon kwiibhetri ze-lithium: Isitshixo sokukhusela ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwebhetri.

Molo, bahlobo! Ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni umthombo wamandla ongundoqo kwizixhobo zombane esingenakuphila ngaphandle kwazo yonke imihla, njengeefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neelaptops? Kunjalo, iibhetri lithium. Kodwa ngaba uyayiqonda into ethile eyinkathazo kwiibhetri ze-lithium-i-lithium plating? Namhlanje, makhe siphonononge nzulu isenzeko se-lithium plating kwiibhetri ze-lithium, siqonde ukuba imalunga nantoni na, yintoni na iimpembelelo ezisa nayo, kunye nendlela esinokuhlangabezana ngayo nayo.

I. Yintoni i-lithium plating kwiibhetri ze-lithium?

Ukufakwa kwe-lithium kwiibhetri ze-lithium kufana "nengozi encinci" kwihlabathi lebhetri. Ukubeka nje, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-ion ze-lithium kwibhetri kufuneka zihlale kakuhle kwi-electrode engalunganga, kodwa endaweni yoko, zigqithisa ngokungalunganga kumphezulu we-electrode engalunganga kwaye zijike zibe yi-metallic lithium, njengokukhula kwamasebe amancinci. Sibiza le lithium dendrite. Le nto ngokuqhelekileyo iyenzeka kwiindawo eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa okanye xa ibhetri ihlawulwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ikhutshwe. Ngenxa yokuba ngeli xesha, ii-ion ze-lithium eziphuma kwi-electrode efanelekileyo azikwazi ukufakwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-electrode engafanelekanga kwaye "inokumisa inkampu" kuphela kumphezulu we-electrode engafanelekanga.

II. Kutheni i-lithium plating isenzeka?

I-lithium plating phenomenon ayibonakali ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ibangelwa zizinto ezininzi ezisebenzisanayo.

Okokuqala, ukuba "indlu encinci" ye-electrode engalunganga ayinkulu ngokwaneleyo, oko kukuthi, amandla e-electrode anganelanga ukuhlalisa zonke ii-ion ze-lithium eziphuma kwi-electrode esebenzayo, ke ii-ion ze-lithium ezingaphezulu zinokunyuka kuphela kumphezulu we-electrode. i electrode negative.

Okwesibini, qaphela xa uhlawula! Ukuba ukutshaja kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ngomsinga omkhulu, okanye ukutshaja ngaphezulu, kufana nokuba neendwendwe ezininzi eziza “kwindlu encinci” ye-electrode engalunganga ngaxeshanye. Ayinakukwazi ukuyiphatha, kwaye i-lithium ion ayikwazi ukufakwa ngexesha, ngoko ke i-lithium plating phenomenon iyenzeka.

Kwakhona, ukuba ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwebhetri aluyilwanga ngokufanelekileyo, njengokuba kukho imibimbi kwisahlukanisi okanye iseli yebhetri ikhubazekile, iya kuchaphazela indlela eya ekhaya ye-lithium ion kwaye ibenze bangakwazi ukufumana ulwalathiso oluchanekileyo, kunokukhokelela ngokulula kwi-lithium plating.

Ukongeza, i-electrolyte ifana "nesikhokelo esincinci" se-lithium ion. Ukuba isixa se-electrolyte asanelanga okanye iipleyiti ze-electrode zingangenwanga ngokupheleleyo, i-lithium ion iya kulahleka, kwaye i-lithium plating iya kulandela.

Ekugqibeleni, ifilimu ye-SEI kumphezulu we-electrode engafanelekanga nayo ibaluleke kakhulu! Ukuba iba bukhulu kakhulu okanye yonakaliswe, i-ion ze-lithium ayikwazi ukungena kwi-electrode engalunganga, kwaye i-lithium plating phenomenon iya kubonakala.

III. Sinokuyicombulula njani i-lithium plating?

Sukuba nexhala, sineendlela zokujongana ne-lithium plating.

Sinokwandisa ubume bebhetri. Umzekelo, yila ibhetri ngokufanelekileyo, unciphise indawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Overhang, sebenzisa uyilo lwe-multi-tab, kwaye ulungelelanise umlinganiselo we-N / P ukuvumela i-lithium ion ukuba ihambe kakuhle.

Ukulawula ukutshaja kunye neemeko zokukhupha ibhetri nako kubalulekile. Kufana nokulungiselela "imithetho yendlela" efanelekileyo yeeyoni ze-lithium. Lawula ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha i-voltage, okwangoku, kunye nobushushu ukuze i-lithium plating reaction ingenzeki kancinci.

Ukuphucula ukubunjwa kwe-electrolyte kukwalungile. Singongeza iityuwa ze-lithium, izongezo, okanye i-co-solvents ukwenza i-electrolyte ibe ngcono. Ayinakunqanda kuphela ukubola kwe-electrolyte kodwa iphinde ithintele ukusabela kwe-lithium plating.

Singakwazi kwakhona ukuguqula izinto ezimbi ze-electrode. Kufana nokubeka "impahla yokukhusela" kwi-electrode engafanelekanga. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokugquma komhlaba, i-doping, okanye i-alloying, sinokuphucula ukuzinza kunye ne-anti-lithium plating ye-electrode engalunganga.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri nayo ibalulekile. Kufana ne "butcher" ehlakaniphile ebeka iliso kwaye ilawule ngengqiqo inkqubo yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha ngexesha langempela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri isebenza phantsi kweemeko ezikhuselekileyo, ukuphepha ukugqithisa kunye nokukhupha, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-lithium plating.

IV. Zeziphi iimpembelelo enazo i-lithium plating kwiibhetri?

Ukufakwa kweLithium ayisiyonto ilungileyo! Iya kubangela ukuba i-lithium dendrites ikhule ngaphakathi kwebhetri. Ezi dendrites ze-lithium zifana nabakhathazi abancinci. Basenokungena kwi-separator kwaye babangele isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphakathi, esiyingozi kakhulu. Mhlawumbi kuya kubangela ukubaleka kwe-thermal kunye neengozi zokhuseleko. Ngaphezu koko, ngexesha lenkqubo yokubeka i-lithium, inani leeion ze-lithium liyancipha, kwaye umthamo webhetri nawo uya kuncipha, unciphisa ubomi benkonzo yebhetri.

V. Yintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kweendawo eziphantsi kobushushu kunye ne-lithium plating?

Kwiindawo eziphantsi kobushushu, i-electrolyte iya kuba yincangathi. Imvula yeLithium kwi-electrode engalunganga iya kuba nzima ngakumbi, i-impedance yokudluliselwa kwentlawulo iya kwanda, kwaye iimeko zekinetic nazo ziya kuhla. Ezi zinto zidibeneyo zifana nokongeza i-fuel kwi-lithium plating phenomenon, okwenza iibhetri ze-lithium zithandeke ngakumbi kwi-lithium plating kwiindawo eziphantsi kobushushu kunye nokuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nempilo yexesha elide lebhetri.

VI. Indlela yokulawula ibhetri inganciphisa njani i-lithium plating?

Inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri inamandla kakhulu! Iyakwazi ukubeka iliso kwiiparamitha zebhetri ngexesha lokwenyani, njengamehlo amabini abukhali, ihlala ijonga imeko yebhetri. Emva koko ulungise isicwangciso sokutshaja ngokwedatha ukwenza i-lithium ion ithobele.

Isenokuchonga utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwijiko lokutshaja ibhetri. Njengomcuphi okrelekrele, unokuqikelela i-lithium plating phenomenon kwangaphambili kwaye uyiphephe.

Ulawulo lobushushu nalo lubaluleke kakhulu! Inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri inokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa ibhetri ukulawula ukushisa okusebenzayo kunye nokuvumela i-lithium ion ukuba ihambe kwiqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-lithium plating.

Ukutshaja okulinganayo nako kubalulekile. Inokuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri nganye kwipakethi yebhetri ihlawuliswa ngokulinganayo, njengokuvumela i-lithium ion nganye ukuba ifumane "igumbi elincinci" layo.

Ngaphaya koko, ngokuhambela phambili kwisayensi yemathiriyeli, sinako ukwandise imathiriyeli ye-electrode engalunganga kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo sebhetri ukwenza ibhetri yomelele.

Okokugqibela, ukulungelelanisa izinga lokutshaja kunye nokuhanjiswa kwangoku nako kubalulekile. Kuphephe ukuxinana kwangoku okugqithisileyo kwangoku kwaye usete i-voltage yokutshaja efanelekileyo yokuvala ukuvumela ii-ion ze-lithium ukuba zifakwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-electrode engalunganga.

Ukuqukumbela, nangona i-lithium plating phenomenon kwiibhetri ze-lithium iyinkathazo, ukuba nje siqonda ngokunzulu izizathu zayo kwaye sithatha amanyathelo asebenzayo okukhusela kunye nokulawula, sinokwenza iibhetri ze-lithium zikhuseleke, zibe nokusebenza kakuhle, kwaye zibe nobomi obude benkonzo. Masisebenze kunye ukukhusela iibhetri zethu ze-lithium!